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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
ضمانت اجراهای رفاهی سوسیال دموکرات
Thus, while the social democratic welfare sanction of the Nordic countries began to be put into effect through new mechanisms, and was derived from secular, rather than religious, modes of knowledge, it also represented a line of continuity with the past in so far as punishment was still intended to be used for productive and inclusionary purposes.
The emergence and development of the social democratic welfare sanction
The intellectual origins of the social democratic welfare sanction are to be found in the ensemble of Italian, French and German scholars who, from the publication of Cesare Lombroso's (1876) L'Uomo Delinquente to that of Enrico Ferri's (1928) Principles of Criminal Law, dramatically revised the post Enlightenment legal and religious foundations on which thinking about crime and punishment had been based in the Nordic region.
In this region, the grubby, sordid brutalities of punishment that involved the infliction of pain on the body of lawbreakers had no role to play in the sanitized framework of the social democratic welfare sanction.
Under the provisions of the social democratic welfare sanction, prison inmates were now to be restored to well-being just like any other group of welfare clients (they were no longer seen as sinners who should seek redemption).
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